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PI3Kγ inhibition drives M1 macrophage differentiation and synergizes with PD-L1 blockade to improve survival in poorly immunogenic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
[BACKGROUND] Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer globally with high mortality rates, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. We investigated the efficacy of combining phosphoi…
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Prednisolone modulates CD8⁺ and regulatory T-cell activity to dampen response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in melanoma.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the treatment of advanced melanoma, yet their efficacy is limited by high-grade immune-related adverse events that often require treatment with systemic corticosteroids. Although corticos…
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Contrasting functions of CD73 and adenosine in CD8+ T-cell exhaustion during antitumor immunity.
T-cell exhaustion is a state of functional decline in T cells, driven by chronic antigen exposure and inhibitory signals within the tumor microenvironment. Exhausted CD8+ T cells (Tex) derive from precursor exhausted T cells (Tpex), a self-…
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Integrating tumor and immune cell transcriptomics to predict immune checkpoint inhibitor primary resistance in metastatic melanoma.
The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has transformed the treatment landscape of metastatic melanoma. However, despite its success, reliable biomarkers for predicting primary resistance are not available in clinical practice.…
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Telomere damage enhances immunogenicity of neuroblastoma and accelerates response to anti-PD-L1 treatment.
Telomerase is active in the majority of high-risk neuroblastomas, a pediatric tumor associated with poor patient outcomes. In other cancer types, resistance to immune checkpoint blockade was overcome by induction of telomere dysfunction usi…
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Gene-level gut microbiome signatures as predictive biomarkers for response to immune checkpoint inhibitors across multiple cancer types.
Targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has improved survival across multiple cancer types, but the variability in patient response h…
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DNA prime and peptide boost immunization elicits robust neoantigen-specific CD8 T cell responses and therapeutic protection in mouse tumor models.
Therapeutic immunization against tumor neoantigens has the potential to induce potent and highly selective CD8 T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Consequently, immunization strategies that generate robust neoantigen-specific T-cell respons…
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Gut microbial -demethylation has been reported for plant-derived dietary compounds containing -methylated aromatic(s). However, the significance of gut microbial -demethylation in drug metabolism and disposition remains unexplored. This stu…
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Discovery of novel murine PML isoforms.
Promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) orchestrates the formation of PML nuclear bodies (PML NBs), membraneless organelles with diverse regulatory roles. Despite their importance, the specific functions of individual PML splicing variants rem…
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Sex determines the natural killer cell-mediated immunity against pancreatic cancer.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) ranks among the most aggressive malignancies and exhibits a higher prevalence and poorer prognosis in male patients. While both the importance of natural killer (NK) cells in anti-tumor immunity and s…
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Identification of the immune-related diagnostic biomarkers between Graves' disease and thyroid carcinoma based on comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and machine learning.
Increasing evidence suggests that Graves' disease (GD) may increase the risk of thyroid cancer (THCA), but diagnostic biomarkers associated with it remain underexplored. To address this issue, we analyzed the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) a…
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Exploring the key functions of T cells and the regulation of the immune microenvironment in prostate cancer using single-cell RNA sequencing and bulk RNA sequencing.
The incidence of prostate cancer continues to increase, making it the second most common malignant tumor among men worldwide. Immunotherapy has emerged as a key therapeutic strategy for treating tumors. Numerous studies have established tha…
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Development and validation of a nomogram for the overall survival of patients with locally advanced prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy and surgery.
[BACKGROUND] Prostate cancer (PC) is a common malignancy in older adults. We aimed to construct a nomogram for the overall survival (OS) of elderly patients with locally advanced PC who received radiotherapy and surgery. [METHODS] Clinical…
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Development and validation of machine learning prognostic models for overall survival in non-surgical prostate cancer patients with bone metastases.
[OBJECTIVE] To construct and interpret a machine learning model for predicting overall survival in nonsurgical prostate cancer with bone metastases (PCBM). [METHODS] Data from 3,378 SEER database patients were utilized to develop machine l…
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Age-related patterns in prostate cancer: epidemiology, pathology, treatment, and survival.
[BACKGROUND] Contemporary, systematic comparisons of prostate cancer (PCa) across the entire age spectrum regarding incidence, pathology, treatment, and long-term outcomes remain lacking. [METHODS] Patients were identified from the Surveil…
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Research progress on animal models of autoimmune gastritis.
Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is an autoimmune disease characterized primarily by the destruction of gastric parietal cell structure and atrophy of the gastric fundic and body mucosa. The global prevalence of AIG is approximately 3.85%. Its ma…
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A dual diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) alpha/zeta inhibitor augments the activity of human tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in and models.
Endogenous or adoptively transferred tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) often lose their functional capacity due to the activation of intrinsic inhibitory pathways, which then limits their ability to control tumor growth. In this study, …
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Passive nuclear transport deviates from Fickian behavior in prostate and breast cell types.
Nuclear trafficking is essential for cellular function and biomedical applications such as nucleus-targeted drug delivery; however, how passive nuclear transport varies across cell types and phenotypic states remains poorly understood. Here…
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Propranolol enhances the oncolytic effect of newcastle disease virus on canine mammary tumor cell by modulating the IFN-I-mediated JAK-STAT signaling pathway.
Canine mammary tumors (CMT), the most common neoplasms in intact female dogs, lack effective treatments for advanced cases. Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an oncolytic virus, kills tumor cells directly and stimulates antitumor immunity. How…
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Clinical and nutritional-inflammatory biomarkers-based nomogram predicts survival in recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
[BACKGROUND] Immunotherapy offers potential benefits for recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer (R/M CC), yet personalized predictive tools are essential for optimizing treatment. This study aims to develop a nomogram integrating nutrition…
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