Hull M ⚠ 동명이인 가능성

Tic disorders, including Tourette syndrome, are characterized by brief, repetitive, and patterned movements or vocalizations. Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) has emerged as a therapeutic option for motor tics, particularly when oral medications…

[INTRODUCTION] Post-stroke spasticity (PSS) occurs in ~25-43% of patients between 2 weeks and 3 months following a stroke. This retrospective claims study examined the occurrence of spasticity, treatment patterns, healthcare resource utiliz…

Dystonia is a highly prevalent movement disorder that can manifest at any time across the lifespan. An increasing number of investigations have tied this disorder to dysfunction of a broad "dystonia network" encompassing the cerebellum, tha…

Self-injurious behaviors are repetitive, persistent actions directed toward one's body that threaten or cause physical harm. These behaviors are seen within a broad spectrum of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric conditions, often assoc…

[INTRODUCTION] Spasticity and cervical dystonia (CD) are movement disorders with considerable direct and indirect healthcare cost implications. Although several studies have discussed their clinical impact, few have calculated the economic …

Facial penetrating gunshot wounds (GSWs) are seen in an assault, suicide, and accidental injury. They often carry high mortality given the important anatomical structures located within the neck. The foundations of maxillofacial GSWs are ro…

Opisthotonus refers to abnormal axial extension and arching of the trunk produced by excessive contractions of the paraspinal muscles. In childhood, the abnormal posture is most often related to dystonia in the setting of hypoxic injury or …

[BACKGROUND] Geniospasm is a rare genetic disorder characterized by paroxysmal rhythmic or irregular movements of the chin and lower lip due to repetitive contractions of the mentalis muscle. Pathophysiology is poorly understood, and optima…