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Consensus guidelines for botulinum toxin therapy: general algorithms and dosing tables for dystonia and spasticity.
Botulinum toxin (BT) therapy is a complex and highly individualised therapy defined by treatment algorithms and injection schemes describing its target muscles and their dosing. Various consensus guidelines have tried to standardise and to …
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[Myths and evidence on the use of botulinum toxin: neuropharmacology and dystonia].
[INTRODUCTION] Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) is a bacterial endotoxin, whose therapeutic use has had a dramatic impact on different neurological disorders, such as dystonia and spasticity. [AIM] To analyze and summarize different questions …
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[Myths and evidence on the use of botulinum toxin: spasticity in adults and in children with cerebral palsy].
[INTRODUCTION] Spasticity is a medical problem with a high incidence that significantly impact on the quality of life of patients and their families. [AIM] To analyze and to answer different questions about the use of botulinum toxin type …
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Strategies for treatment of dystonia.
Treatment of dystonias is generally symptomatic. To produce sufficient therapy effects, therefore, frequently a multimodal and interdisciplinary therapeutic approach becomes necessary, combining botulinum toxin therapy, deep brain stimulati…