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Divide and Conquer: Isolating Cell Populations to Investigate How Breast Cancer Risk Factors Alter the Breast Microenvironment.
Breast cancer is a multifactorial disease with risk factors that are fixed or modifiable. Understanding how these risk factors interact within breast tissue may provide insight into how to improve interventions or chemoprevention strategies…
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Obesity reversibly depletes the basal cell population and enhances mammary epithelial cell estrogen receptor alpha expression and progenitor activity.
[BACKGROUND] Obesity is correlated with an increased risk for developing postmenopausal breast cancer. Since obesity rates continue to rise worldwide, it is important to understand how the obese microenvironment influences normal mammary ti…
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Modeling Breast Tumor Development with a Humanized Mouse Model.
The tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in breast cancer growth and progression to metastasis. Here, we describe a method to examine stromal-epithelial interactions during tumor formation and progression utilizing human-derived mam…
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Growth of human breast tissues from patient cells in 3D hydrogel scaffolds.
[BACKGROUND] Three-dimensional (3D) cultures have proven invaluable for expanding human tissues for basic research and clinical applications. In both contexts, 3D cultures are most useful when they (1) support the outgrowth of tissues from …
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Anatomical localization of progenitor cells in human breast tissue reveals enrichment of uncommitted cells within immature lobules.
[INTRODUCTION] Lineage tracing studies in mice have revealed the localization and existence of lineage-restricted mammary epithelial progenitor cells that functionally contribute to expansive growth during puberty and differentiation during…
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Human breast progenitor cell numbers are regulated by WNT and TBX3.
[BACKGROUND] Although human breast development is mediated by hormonal and non-hormonal means, the mechanisms that regulate breast progenitor cell activity remain to be clarified. This limited understanding of breast progenitor cells has be…
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Functional heterogeneity of breast fibroblasts is defined by a prostaglandin secretory phenotype that promotes expansion of cancer-stem like cells.
Fibroblasts are important in orchestrating various functions necessary for maintaining normal tissue homeostasis as well as promoting malignant tumor growth. Significant evidence indicates that fibroblasts are functionally heterogeneous wit…
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Mapping the cellular and molecular heterogeneity of normal and malignant breast tissues and cultured cell lines.
[INTRODUCTION] Normal and neoplastic breast tissues are comprised of heterogeneous populations of epithelial cells involving various degrees of maturation and differentiation. While cultured cell lines have been derived from both normal and…