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Gene-level gut microbiome signatures as predictive biomarkers for response to immune checkpoint inhibitors across multiple cancer types.
Targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has improved survival across multiple cancer types, but the variability in patient response h…
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Immune-mediated pathways between red blood cell traits and prostate cancer: a causal relationship network based on Mendelian randomization evaluation.
[BACKGROUND] Although both the immune and hematopoietic systems play important roles in prostate cancer (PCa), few studies have comprehensively investigated the combined influence of these systems on PCa risk. [METHOD] The datasets used to…
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Age-related patterns in prostate cancer: epidemiology, pathology, treatment, and survival.
[BACKGROUND] Contemporary, systematic comparisons of prostate cancer (PCa) across the entire age spectrum regarding incidence, pathology, treatment, and long-term outcomes remain lacking. [METHODS] Patients were identified from the Surveil…
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Full-length 16S rRNA nanopore sequencing enables species resolution of associated with colorectal cancer.
Recent studies have revealed that the long-recognized link between the historically defined group and colorectal cancer is largely driven by . This species, along with two others ( and ), was recently reclassified as distinct from , highli…
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LILRB2 inhibition by blocking antibody ES009 reprograms immunosuppressive myeloid cells and enhances T-cell-mediated tumor immunity.
The inhibitory receptor leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B2 (LILRB2), expressed on myeloid cells like monocytes and tumor-resident myeloid cells, sustains an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and promotes tumor progression. Pha…
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Phase angle as a nutritional assessment method in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a cross-sectional study.
[BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES] The phase angle, which is associated with cellular health, has garnered increasing attention as a noninvasive and objective method for nutritional assessment. However, the association between malnutrition and pha…
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Health state utilities for relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma treatments: a time trade-off study in the Japanese general population.
[AIM] Conventional therapies in Japan for relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma (r/r LBCL) require intravenous infusion (IV), while epcoritamab is administered subcutaneously. Despite the expected quality of life (QOL) improvement fr…
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Adaptive immune and platelet activation during the maintenance phase of therapy in adults with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
[BACKGROUND] Maintenance therapy is an integral component of treatment for B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and has demonstrated clinical efficacy. However, features of immune activation and an increased thrombotic risk may persi…
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TNS1 and TNS4 play a potential role in development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma but not TNS2 and TNS3.
Tensins are a family of adhesion proteins that play a role in constructing the cytoskeleton, as well as in intracellular and extracellular communication. Their expression was evaluated in 22 pancreatic cancer patients using the immunohistoc…
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Survival Outcome Was Better with Liver Resection than with Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients with Very Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.
[BACKGROUND] Antiviral therapies for hepatitis B or C virus may be associated with reduced risk of tumor recurrence and mortality of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing curative treatments, compared to untreated patients…
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Psychological distress and its determinants among spouses of patients with familial clustering of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: A cross-sectional study.
[OBJECTIVE] To explore psychological distress and its influencing factors, including hope, rumination, and fear of disease progression, among spouses of patients diagnosed with familial clustering of hepatitis B virus (HBV) -related hepatoc…
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Survival and morbidity in elderly patients treated with cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC for colorectal peritoneal metastases: a population-based study.
[OBJECTIVE] Cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) has improved outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with peritoneal metastases (PM), yet evidence regarding perioperative risk and long-term …
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Barriers and facilitators to the utilization of cancer screening services in two Arctic Indigenous communities in Canada.
[BACKGROUND] Indigenous communities in Canada have high age-standardized rates of cancer mortality. Remote communities in Canada's northern territories have a high proportion of Indigenous residents and disproportionately low utilization ra…
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A vision-language model-based approach for lung cancer diagnosis using lossless 3D CT images: evaluation of GPT-4.1 and GPT-4o for patient-level malignancy assessment.
[PURPOSE] Large vision-language models (VLMs), such as GPT-4.1 and GPT-4o, have shown strong potential in medical tasks. However, their application in lossless 3D medical image analysis is still underexplored. This study proposes a GPT-base…
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Predicting lung cancer survival with attention-based CT slices combination.
Accurate prognosis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is crucial for enhancing patient care and treatment outcomes. Despite the advancements in deep learning, the task of overall survival prediction in NSCLC has not fully leveraged these…
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Integrated radiopathomics nomogram for predicting angiogenic microvascular patterns in NSCLC: a dual-center validation study.
[BACKGROUND] To develop and validate an integrated radiopathomics nomogram combining multiphase CT images, H&E-stained slides, and clinicopathological variables for predicting microvascular patterns (MVPs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSC…
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Health and productivity benefits of anti-PD-(L)1 agents for early-stage cancer treatment in Hungary.
[AIM] Anti-PD-(L)1 agents, inhibitors of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1), are established therapies that improve cancer management as well as the disease and societal burden of specific metastatic and early-stag…
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The gut microbiota-obesity axis in the pathogenesis and prognosis of breast cancer.
[BACKGROUND] Breast cancer (BC) remains a major global health concern, accounting for 11.7% of all cancer cases and ranking as the second leading cause of female cancer-related deaths worldwide. Increasing evidence highlights the interplay …
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Incidence and risk factors for malignancy in patients with incidental solitary pulmonary nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
[BACKGROUND] The increasing use of chest imaging has led to a higher detection rate of incidental solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs), often causing patient anxiety. Determining the malignancy rate and associated risk factors is crucial for d…
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The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: A meta-analysis and reconstructed individual patient data analysis.
Some immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has been used for men with specific metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, inconsistent results of ICI for unselected mCRPC population raise concerns. The primary outcomes w…
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