Luteolin enhances antitumor immunity of B7-H3-targeted bispecific natural killer cell engagers against non-small cell lung cancer.

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the predominant form of lung cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, largely due to its aggressive progression and resistance to current therapies. B7-H3 has emerged as a novel immunotherapeutic target worthy of investigation. Luteolin, a flavonoid polyphenolic compound abundantly present in vegetables and herbs, has demonstrated significant anti-tumor effects in various cancer types. However, its therapeutic mechanism of action in NSCLC remains poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the combined effects of luteolin and B7-H3-targeted immunotherapy in NSCLC. The results demonstrated that luteolin suppressed NSCLC cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and exhibited enhanced combined effects with B7-H3 inhibition, while also promoting apoptosis. This combination strategy produced significant inhibitory effects both and . A B7-H3-targeted bispecific killer cell engager (BiKE) was constructed, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) was measured to evaluate its combined effect with luteolin. The B7-H3-targeted BiKE showed superior activity when combined with luteolin compared to either treatment of luteolin or BiKE alone. Our findings not only identify B7-H3 as a promising therapeutic target for NSCLC but also suggest luteolin as a potential anticancer adjuvant. The rationally designed combination strategy presented here may enhance existing treatment paradigms for NSCLC.