Tumor Biomarkers in Peripheral Blood Liquid Biopsy of Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Research Progress and Clinical Applications in the Era of Precision Medicine.

Soft tissue sarcomas represent a rare and highly heterogeneous category of malignant tumors,with the diagnosis and treatment contingent upon the precise identification of histopathological subtypes.Due to their complex molecular mechanisms and diverse clinical behaviors,histological classification methods sometimes struggle to accurately distinguish different subtypes,highlighting the need for effective biomarkers for early diagnosis.As an emerging technology,liquid biopsy provides real-time tumor dynamic information for the diagnosis,recurrence monitoring,and treatment effect evaluation of soft tissue sarcomas by analyzing biomarkers in body fluids.This article comprehensively reviews the advancements in the research and clinical application of tumor biomarkers in the liquid biopsy of soft tissue sarcomas.It emphasizes biomarkers such as circulating tumor cells,cell-free DNA,non-coding RNA,and extracellular vesicles.Although liquid biopsy has shown great potential in the study of soft tissue sarcoma biomarkers,its clinical application still faces the challenges of low sensitivity and specificity,difficulty in tracing tissue origin,and the need for integration of multi-omics techniques.In the future,it is necessary to further develop conventional,non-invasive,and highly specific liquid biopsy markers and incorporate multi-omics technology and other clinical detection methods to promote the precise diagnosis and treatment of soft tissue sarcomas.