The psychiatric assessment of the patient requesting facial surgery.

Recent years have witnessed an increasing demand for cosmetic or reconstructive facial surgery. This paper addresses the pre-operative psychiatric assessment of the patient requesting facial surgery. Most patients adjust well to surgery and appreciate and accept the outcome. The psychiatrist who helps to screen difficult cases needs specific skills and must understand the body image issues involved. The psychiatrist needs to evaluate the patient's motivations, expectations and understanding of the risks and implications of surgery. Potential problem patients are described, including the minimal defect patient, the patient with secondary gain from the deformity, the older patient, the patient in crisis, the polysurgical patient, the paranoid patient, the schizophrenic patient, and the male patient. Guidelines for evaluating the patient need to be applied flexibly. The psychiatrist must communicate with the surgeon to appreciate clearly the concerns the surgeon has about each patient.