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Usability and adherence evaluation of a smartphone app for home-based symptom monitoring of cervical dystonia.
[BACKGROUND] Cervical dystonia (CD) is a movement disorder that is characterized by involuntary muscle contractions causing abnormal head postures. Current assessments rely primarily on infrequent clinical evaluations and subjective patient…
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Hypertrophy of the Spinalis Cervicis Muscle in Cervical Dystonia.
[BACKGROUND] Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT) is the first line treatment for cervical dystonia (CD) and treatment outcome significantly depends on the correct identification of the muscles involved. [PHENOMENOLOGY SHOWN] In a case with insuf…
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Localization of Salivary Glands for Botulinum Toxin Treatment: Ultrasound Versus Landmark Guidance.
[BACKGROUND] Sialorrhea is a troublesome symptom in a variety of neurological diseases. Recently, local injection of botulinum toxin into the salivary glands was approved for treatment of sialorrhea, and injection guidance by anatomical lan…