A comprehensive review on magnetic nanoparticles (ferrites): synthesis, surface functionalization and therapeutic applications.

The advancements in nanotechnology resulted in the targeted delivery systems which control therapeutic interventions. The biocompatibility, magnetic behaviour and multifunctional properties makes ferrite nanoparticles (FNPs) ideal candidates for biomedical applications. This review paper examines FNP synthesis approaches, their biomedical applications alongside their compatibility characteristics for targeted drug delivery systems (DDSs). Traditional drug delivery systems exhibit multiple severe limitations because they distribute treatment incorrectly and have poor solubility and toxic effects on the whole body. FNP-based DDSs deliver therapeutic agents with high precision to diseased part of the body which minimizes the side effects on healthy parts and boosts therapeutic outcomes. The review examines current developments in cancer therapy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and hyperthermia applications of FNPs as well as their biological interactions. This study also focuses on how the surface modification with magnetic targeting enhances both drug release speed and cellular absorption. The incorporation of FNPs carriers into nano-medicine creates opportunities to build safer treatment approaches that deliver improved efficiency through personalized medicine.