Breast Cancer Exploration: Naringenin-Loaded Nano-Formulations as a Potential Future Therapeutic.

Breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with mortality rates continuing to rise annually. While conventional treatments, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, are available, they are not 100% effective and often damage healthy tissues, negatively impacting patients' quality of life. Naringenin, a promising phytonutrient, has demonstrated anti-cancer properties through various mechanisms that inactivate carcinogens. However, its therapeutic potential is limited by poor bioavailability and hydrophobic nature. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems, an application of nanotechnology, offer a promising solution to overcome these limitations. These systems enhance the solubility, circulatory half-life, and biodistribution of bioactive compounds like naringenin while reducing side effects. This innovative approach shows significant potential in improving breast cancer treatment outcomes.