Dual-mode temperature-switchable TSCP probes for precise analysis of PIK3CA mutations and VAF.

[BACKGROUND] Precision oncology requires robust methods for simultaneous mutation detection and variant allele frequency (VAF) quantification to guide therapeutic decisions. Current technologies face limitations in sensitivity, cost, and workflow complexity, particularly for assessing tumor heterogeneity. The development of dual-mode temperature-switchable TSCP probes addresses these challenges through an innovative competitive hybridization approach.

[RESULTS] The TSCP platform demonstrates exceptional performance in detecting PIK3CA mutations while precisely quantifying VAF values. By combining temperature-programmed specificity with hybridization chain reaction amplification, the system achieves high sensitivity across a broad dynamic range. Validation studies confirm reliable mutation detection and accurate VAF measurement in both cell line models and clinical samples, outperforming conventional methods in reproducibility and accuracy. The enzyme-free, isothermal workflow operates without specialized instrumentation, offering a practical solution for clinical implementation.

[SIGNIFICANCE] This technology represents a significant advancement in molecular diagnostics by integrating mutation detection and clonality assessment in a single assay. Its cost-effective design and modular architecture make it adaptable for various oncogenic mutations, providing clinicians with a powerful tool for therapy selection and tumor heterogeneity monitoring. The platform's capabilities in detecting low-frequency variants suggest promising applications in minimal residual disease monitoring and liquid biopsy analysis, potentially transforming precision oncology practice. Future development will focus on enhancing multiplexing capacity and microfluidic integration to further expand its clinical utility.