Experiences of LGB patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery: A focus on sexuality.

[PURPOSE] This study aimed to delineate the existing knowledge regarding the impact of colorectal cancer surgery on the sexuality of LGB patients, highlighting the need for culturally competent care tailored to their unique needs.

[METHODS] A comprehensive search was conducted from October 2024 onwards across PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, PsychINFO, Cochrane Library, and Joanna Briggs Institute using the MeSH terms 'sexual and gender minorities', 'colorectal surgery', 'colorectal neoplasms' and 'sexuality'. Inclusion criteria required LGB patients over 18 years, at least 50% of the sample diagnosed with colorectal cancer and treated operatively. All studies were critically appraised.

[RESULTS] Six studies from the UK and the US were included. Sample size ranged from 1 to 480. Participants identifying as LGB ranged from 26.4 to 100%. Key findings revealed LGB patients experience similar physical consequences to heterosexual patients (erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction, dyspareunia, vaginal dryness), but implications might differ, e.g., regarding anal intercourse. A lower mental quality of life was reported, including body image issues related to stomas. Relationship challenges and intimacy issues were highlighted. The cultural competence of healthcare providers has a significant influence on patient experiences, highlighting a gap in inclusive care. Critical appraisal revealed both methodological strengths and weaknesses.

[CONCLUSION] This review highlighted the sexual health challenges of LGB patients after colorectal cancer surgery, with issues like sexual function and mental wellbeing often being underreported. Cultural competence training for healthcare providers and integrating patients' partners into cancer care are crucial for a holistic approach.