[Impacto de la dieta mediterránea en la prevención, pronóstico y manejo clínico de los cánceres ginecológicos y de mama: revisión sistemática].
[BACKGROUND] cancer is one of the leading causes of global mortality.
- p-value p < 0.05
- 95% CI 0.38-0.90
- HR 0.59
APA
Peguero-Martínez C, Zaragoza-Martí A, et al. (2026). [Impacto de la dieta mediterránea en la prevención, pronóstico y manejo clínico de los cánceres ginecológicos y de mama: revisión sistemática].. Nutricion hospitalaria. https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.06245
MLA
Peguero-Martínez C, et al.. "[Impacto de la dieta mediterránea en la prevención, pronóstico y manejo clínico de los cánceres ginecológicos y de mama: revisión sistemática].." Nutricion hospitalaria, 2026.
PMID
41960842
Abstract
[BACKGROUND] cancer is one of the leading causes of global mortality. Gynecological cancers are prevalent, and research regarding their prevention and nutritional management through the Mediterranean diet (MD) requires further exploration.
[OBJECTIVE] to analyze the effects of MD adherence on the prevention, prognosis, and management of gynecological cancers (breast, endometrial, ovarian, and uterine) in adult women.
[MATERIALS AND METHODS] following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across several scientific databases. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using standardized tools (e.g., Cochrane RoB) and rated according to the GRADE framework.
[RESULTS] ten studies (predominantly European) were included. High adherence to the MD was associated with a probable reduction in breast cancer risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.76; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.60-0.96) and an overall prediagnostic protective effect (HR: 0.59; 95 % CI: 0.38-0.90; p < 0.05). For ovarian and endometrial cancer, the evidence was insufficient. In diagnosed patients, the MD improved prognosis and survival (HR: 0.61; 95 % CI: 0.41-0.91; p < 0.05), in addition to significantly reducing weight, BMI, and waist-to-hip ratio (p < 0.001), and improving glycemic levels (p = 0.04) and fatigue (p < 0.001).
[CONCLUSIONS] the MD is a recommended strategy as part of a healthy lifestyle. Findings suggest a probable impact on breast cancer risk reduction and benefits for general prognosis. Due to heterogeneity and low evidence quality, it is not possible to issue firm recommendations for the primary prevention of all gynecological cancers.
[OBJECTIVE] to analyze the effects of MD adherence on the prevention, prognosis, and management of gynecological cancers (breast, endometrial, ovarian, and uterine) in adult women.
[MATERIALS AND METHODS] following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across several scientific databases. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using standardized tools (e.g., Cochrane RoB) and rated according to the GRADE framework.
[RESULTS] ten studies (predominantly European) were included. High adherence to the MD was associated with a probable reduction in breast cancer risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.76; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.60-0.96) and an overall prediagnostic protective effect (HR: 0.59; 95 % CI: 0.38-0.90; p < 0.05). For ovarian and endometrial cancer, the evidence was insufficient. In diagnosed patients, the MD improved prognosis and survival (HR: 0.61; 95 % CI: 0.41-0.91; p < 0.05), in addition to significantly reducing weight, BMI, and waist-to-hip ratio (p < 0.001), and improving glycemic levels (p = 0.04) and fatigue (p < 0.001).
[CONCLUSIONS] the MD is a recommended strategy as part of a healthy lifestyle. Findings suggest a probable impact on breast cancer risk reduction and benefits for general prognosis. Due to heterogeneity and low evidence quality, it is not possible to issue firm recommendations for the primary prevention of all gynecological cancers.