Repetitive junctional rhythm during forehead-lift surgery--a case report.

Forehead lift plastic surgery is regarded as a rather safe operation without serious cardiovascular complications. Although cardiac arrhythmias (e.g., sinus bradycardia) during such an esthetically plastic surgery have been sporadically reported in literature, repetitive junctional rhythm has not ever been recounted. In this case report, we present a 45-year-old woman who developed repetitive junctional rhythm during forehead lift plastic surgery. The possible offenders causative of the arrhythmia (e.g., oculocardiac reflex induced by repeated surgical manipulation) and the principle of perioperative management were discussed in the text.