The Epidemiology of Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma in Australia and New Zealand Confirms the Highest Risk for Grade 4 Surface Breast Implants.

[BACKGROUND] The epidemiology and implant-specific risk for breast implant-associated (BIA) anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has been previously reported for Australia and New Zealand. The authors now present updated data and risk assessment since their last report.

[METHODS] New cases in Australia and New Zealand were identified and analyzed. Updated sales data from three leading breast implant manufacturers (i.e., Mentor, Allergan, and Silimed) were secured to estimate implant-specific risk.

[RESULTS] A total of 26 new cases of BIA-ALCL were diagnosed between January of 2017 and April of 2018, increasing the total number of confirmed cases in Australia and New Zealand to 81. This represents a 47 percent increase in the number of reported cases over this period. The mean age and time to development remain unchanged. The implant-specific risk has increased for Silimed polyurethane (23.4 times higher) compared with Biocell, which has remained relatively static (16.5 times higher) compared with Siltex implants.

[CONCLUSIONS] The number of confirmed cases of BIA-ALCL in Australia and New Zealand continues to rise. The implant-specific risk has now changed to reflect a strong link to implant surface area/roughness as a major association with this cancer.