Complications in oncologic mandible reconstruction: A comparative study between the osteocutaneous radial forearm and fibula free flap.

[BACKGROUND] The osteocutaneous radial forearm free flap (OC-RFFF) has been proposed as a safe and reliable free flap for head and neck reconstruction with low donor site morbidity. The purpose of this study is to compare the late complications (>30 days) associated with using the OC-RFFF versus the free fibula flap (FFF) for mandibular reconstruction following oncologic segmental resection.

[METHODS] We conducted a single-institution, retrospective study composed of patients who underwent oncologic microvascular composite mandibular reconstruction with either the OC-RFFF or FFF. The primary predictor variable was the type of free flap used. The outcome variable was late complication postoperatively (>30 days).

[RESULTS] A total of 93 patients (28, OC-RFFF and 65, FFF) were analyzed. The majority of patients were male (62%) and with AJCC stage T4a disease (72%). Mean hospital length of stay was comparable between the two flap groups (p = .50). OC-RFFF was associated with more late complications (p = .03) compared to FFF. Nonunion occurred in 10.7% of OC-RFFF and 0% of FFF. Partial or complete flap failure was seen in 7.1% and 0% in the OC-RFFF and FFF, respectively. Two-year disease-free survival was comparable in both groups (p > .05).

[CONCLUSIONS] The results of this study suggest that the rate of nonunion and odds of having a late complication were significantly greater in the OC-RFFF compared to the FFF following oncologic mandibular reconstruction. However, flap success, early complications (<30 days), and length of hospital stay were comparable between the two flaps.