[The impact of the maxillary sinus on endodontic microsurgery of maxillary posterior teeth and its clinical management strategies].

The proximity of maxillary posterior teeth roots to the maxillary sinus, and the greater distance between the palatal root and the buccal bone wall are factors constituting the key challenges in apical surgery for maxillary posterior teeth. Particularly, the surgical treatment of maxillary posterior tooth roots located within the maxillary sinus poses an even higher technical difficulty. Focusing on the interrelationship between the maxillary sinus and maxillary posterior teeth, this paper analyzes and discusses the pre-operative evaluation elements involved in maxillary sinus-related endodontic microsurgery as well as the operational key points during the surgical procedure, based on clinical research findings and the team's experience. Additionally, it introduces the management of concurrent complications, post-operative care, and efficacy evaluation, aiming to provide guidance for clinicians in performing such microscopic apical surgeries.