An Overview of Pharmacologic Management of Chronic Pain.
Patients with chronic pain can be challenging to manage and historically providers have relied on opiates to treat pain.
APA
Beal BR, Wallace MS (2016). An Overview of Pharmacologic Management of Chronic Pain.. The Medical clinics of North America, 100(1), 65-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcna.2015.08.006
MLA
Beal BR, et al.. "An Overview of Pharmacologic Management of Chronic Pain.." The Medical clinics of North America, vol. 100, no. 1, 2016, pp. 65-79.
PMID
26614720
Abstract
Patients with chronic pain can be challenging to manage and historically providers have relied on opiates to treat pain. Recent studies have brought into question the safety and efficacy of chronic opiate therapy in the noncancer population. There is a vast amount of literature to support the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, topical agents, cannabinoids, and botulinum toxin either in conjunction with or in lieu of opioids. Intrathecal drug delivery systems can deliver some of these medications directly to their primary site of action while minimizing the side effects seen with systemic administration.
추출된 의학 개체 (NER)
| 유형 | 영어 표현 | 한국어 / 풀이 | UMLS CUI | 출처 | 등장 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 시술 | botulinum toxin
|
보툴리눔독소 주사 | dict | 1 |
MeSH Terms
Analgesics, Opioid; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticonvulsants; Antidepressive Agents; Botulinum Toxins; Cannabinoids; Chronic Pain; Drug Therapy, Combination; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Pain Measurement; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Treatment Outcome
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