Biological macromolecules Alginate-Carboxymethyl Cellulose (Alg-CMC) hydrogel loaded with Botulinum toxin type A for skin wound treatment and functional tissue regeneration.

Effective tissue repair requires scar-free tissue regeneration, as scarring can delay healing and lead to non-functional tissue formation. While previous studies have shown improvement in skin scarring with Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) administration, its potential in wound healing remains unexplored. Alginate-Carboxymethyl Cellulose (Alg-CMC) hydrogel incorporated with varying concentrations of Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) was prepared and characterized using various techniques. The wound-healing properties of the hydrogel were assessed through in vitro and in vivo and molecular assays. The non-toxic concentration of Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) for further investigation was determined. Hemocompatibility was consistent across samples, and the pH of Alg-CMC-BTX-A closely resembled healthy skin at below 7. While cell migration was slower in the BTX-A group (39.81 %) compared to the Alg-CMC-BTX-A groups (57.61 %). In vivo and histological analysis confirmed 100 % wound closure and the formation of a scar-free epithelial layer following Alg-CMC-BTX-A treatment. Molecular analysis supported these findings. The incorporation of Alginate and Carboxymethyl Cellulose (Alg-CMC) with Botulinum toxin type A in a wound dressing promotes tissue regeneration and minimizes scar formation by creating a proper environment for healing. Alg-CMC acts as a suitable carrier for botulinum toxin A. Alginate and Carboxymethyl Cellulose (Alg-CMC) with Botulinum toxin type A have good reparative and anti-scarring effects. This hydrogel-based dressing shows promise in reducing scarring and enhancing tissue healing.