Botulinum Toxin Use in the Upper Third of the Face.

Otolaryngologic clinics of North America 2025 Vol.58(5) p. 845-858

Singerman K, Swonke M, Flynn J

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Abstract

Botulinum toxin (BTX) is one of the most frequent procedures performed in the United States for facial rhytids. It has become a mainstay aesthetic treatment of the upper third of the face. In addition to aesthetic indications, there are a multitude of functional disorders for which BTX has proved effective. Patient evaluation and selection are critical components to treatment success. A thorough understanding of patient anatomy is critical for prevention of complications when using BTX. The use of neuromodulators in the upper third of the face is continually evolving and its indications continue to expand.

추출된 의학 개체 (NER)

유형영어 표현한국어 / 풀이UMLS CUI출처등장
시술 botulinum toxin 보툴리눔독소 주사 dict 2
해부 facial rhytids scispacy 1
질환 Face scispacy 1
질환 BTX → Botulinum toxin scispacy 1
기타 BTX → Botulinum toxin scispacy 1
기타 Patient scispacy 1

MeSH Terms

Humans; Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Neuromuscular Agents; Skin Aging; Face; Cosmetic Techniques; Botulinum Toxins

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