Endoscopic midfacial rejuvenation.
Abstract
Early facial rejuvenation focused largely on the upper and lower thirds of the face. More recently, improvements in understanding of midfacial aging and anatomy have paralleled the development of endoscopic and minimally invasive surgical techniques. The midface is now understood to include both the lower lid subunit and the cheek down to the nasolabial fold. Many surgical techniques for midface rejuvenation have been used, including skin tightening with direct excision, skin-muscle flaps, isolated fat pad transposition, and subperiosteal lifting. The methods of endoscopic subperiosteal midface lifting and endoscopic malar fat pad lifting are discussed.
추출된 의학 개체 (NER)
| 유형 | 영어 표현 | 한국어 / 풀이 | UMLS CUI | 출처 | 등장 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 기법 | endoscopic
|
내시경 | dict | 4 | |
| 시술 | facial rejuvenation
|
안면거상술 | dict | 1 | |
| 해부 | cheek
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 해부 | skin
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 해부 | fat pad
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 해부 | malar fat pad
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 해부 | malar
|
광대뼈 | dict | 1 | |
| 합병증 | upper
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 합병증 | midfacial
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 합병증 | nasolabial
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 합병증 | subperiosteal
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 합병증 | subperiosteal midface
|
scispacy | 1 | ||
| 질환 | subperiosteal midface lifting
|
scispacy | 1 |
MeSH Terms
Endoscopy; Humans; Rejuvenation; Rhytidoplasty
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