Complications of Cryolipolysis: Paradoxical Adipose Hyperplasia (PAH) and Beyond.

[BACKGROUND] Cryolipolysis is a fairly popular procedure performed in North America, Europe, and many other countries. Although it is considered a rather safe procedure, there are underreported side effects such as paradoxical adipose hyperplasia (PAH), contour irregularities, skin and soft tissue atrophy, and asymmetries. Our knowledge regarding the prevalence and treatment of such complications is limited.

[OBJECTIVES] We hereby report a case series of 5 patients treated for various complications of cryolipolysis, including PAH, that persisted for more than 12 months after their last treatment.

[METHODS] Five patients with various complications of cryolipolysis (4 patients with PAH and 1 with atrophy and indentations) presented in our private office between 2015 and 2018. Three of the 4 patients with PAH were treated at other facilities with ultrasonic liposuction, laser lipolysis, and radiofrequency skin tightening devices respectively. The fourth patient developed PAH after liposuction at another facility. The fifth patient developed several areas of indentations and atrophy and received mesotherapy and lymphatic massages at another facility. All 5 patients were subsequently treated in our office by means of a customized approach specific to their underlying complications.

[RESULTS] Near-normal results were achieved in all 5 patients. None of our patients showed any recurrences of their initial complication for which they were treated. All 5 patients were extremely satisfied with their results.

[CONCLUSIONS] Cryolipolysis, just like any other form of lipolysis, has certain specific adverse effects associated with it, including but not limited to PAH. Complications of cryolipolysis must be individually recognized and treated accordingly.