Plastic Surgery Innovation with 3D Printing for Craniomaxillofacial Operations.

Plastic Surgery restores unique human qualities such as appearance, speech (palate), hands, to improve interaction with others and quality of life. Three-dimensional printing technology can be applied to Plastic Surgery craniomaxillofacial operations to change the bony skeleton of the skull, face, and jaws. Three-dimensional printing for patient-specific applications have four types: Type I contour models, Type II guides, Type III splints, Type IV implants. Plastic Surgery innovation in 3D printing clinical applications are described here and https://www.slucare.edu/newsroom/kmov-science-of-healing-faces-of-childhood.php.