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Immune-modulating medications: the masquerading culprit of epididymo-orchitis.

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BMJ case reports 📖 저널 OA 40.9% 2021: 14/14 OA 2022: 17/17 OA 2023: 7/7 OA 2024: 2/12 OA 2025: 7/73 OA 2026: 4/71 OA 2021~2026 2026 Vol.19(1) OA
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Buchinsky DS, Polenakovik HM, Hakim JI

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionised pharmacological chemotherapy for various malignant neoplasms.

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↓ .bib ↓ .ris
APA Buchinsky DS, Polenakovik HM, Hakim JI (2026). Immune-modulating medications: the masquerading culprit of epididymo-orchitis.. BMJ case reports, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2025-267699
MLA Buchinsky DS, et al.. "Immune-modulating medications: the masquerading culprit of epididymo-orchitis.." BMJ case reports, vol. 19, no. 1, 2026.
PMID 41526075 ↗

Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionised pharmacological chemotherapy for various malignant neoplasms. The side effects of ICIs are still being fully understood. We present a case of a male patient in his mid-50s with a history of metastatic renal cell carcinoma ultimately diagnosed with bilateral epididymo-orchitis (EO) following pembrolizumab maintenance treatment. Our report adds to the three identified cases of EO linked to immune checkpoint inhibitors. This rarely reported association should serve as a cautionary tale for future clinicians about the possible side effects of these immune-enhancing medications.

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