Distribution of PD-1.5 Gene Variant (rs2227981): A Possible Approach for Risk Assessment in Bladder Cancer.
1/5 보강
PICO 자동 추출 (휴리스틱, conf 2/4)
유사 논문P · Population 대상 환자/모집단
151 participants, consisting of 53 patients with BC and 98 healthy control individuals.
I · Intervention 중재 / 시술
추출되지 않음
C · Comparison 대조 / 비교
추출되지 않음
O · Outcome 결과 / 결론
[CONCLUSIONS] The PD-1.5 (rs2227981) polymorphism appears to influence bladder cancer susceptibility in the Turkish population, with the TT genotype conferring increased risk and the C allele providing protection. These findings highlight the potential role of PD-1.5 as a genetic marker for BC risk, although validation in larger and more diverse cohorts is required.
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[BACKGROUND/AIM] Immune checkpoint pathways are central to tumor immune evasion, and genetic variants of programmed death-1 (PD-1) may influence cancer susceptibility.
- OR 1.867
APA
Kayar K, Verim L, et al. (2026). Distribution of PD-1.5 Gene Variant (rs2227981): A Possible Approach for Risk Assessment in Bladder Cancer.. Archivos espanoles de urologia, 79(2), 233-240. https://doi.org/10.56434/j.arch.esp.urol.20267902.28
MLA
Kayar K, et al.. "Distribution of PD-1.5 Gene Variant (rs2227981): A Possible Approach for Risk Assessment in Bladder Cancer.." Archivos espanoles de urologia, vol. 79, no. 2, 2026, pp. 233-240.
PMID
41943691 ↗
Abstract 한글 요약
[BACKGROUND/AIM] Immune checkpoint pathways are central to tumor immune evasion, and genetic variants of programmed death-1 (PD-1) may influence cancer susceptibility. This study evaluates the association between the PD-1.5 (rs2227981) polymorphism and the risk of bladder cancer (BC) in the Turkish population.
[MATERIALS AND METHODS] The study included 151 participants, consisting of 53 patients with BC and 98 healthy control individuals. Genotyping of the PD-1.5 (C/T) polymorphism was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Genotype and allele distributions were compared between groups, and logistic regression models were applied to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
[RESULTS] The CC, CT, and TT genotypes were observed in 33.96%, 43.40%, and 22.64% of patients and in 48.98%, 40.82%, and 10.20% of controls, respectively. The recessive model (TT vs. CC + CT) differed significantly between cases and controls ( = 0.023), and the C allele was less frequent in patients ( = 0.039). In univariate logistic regression, carriage of the T allele showed a borderline association with increased BC risk (OR = 1.867, 95% CI = 0.934-3.732; = 0.077), whereas carriage of the C allele was significantly associated with reduced risk (OR = 0.388, 95% CI = 0.155-0.972; = 0.043). In multivariate models adjusted for age, sex, and smoking status, the C allele remained an independent protective factor (adjusted OR = 0.319, 95% CI = 0.112-0.906; = 0.045), while older age, male sex, and smoking were independently associated with an elevated risk of BC.
[CONCLUSIONS] The PD-1.5 (rs2227981) polymorphism appears to influence bladder cancer susceptibility in the Turkish population, with the TT genotype conferring increased risk and the C allele providing protection. These findings highlight the potential role of PD-1.5 as a genetic marker for BC risk, although validation in larger and more diverse cohorts is required.
[MATERIALS AND METHODS] The study included 151 participants, consisting of 53 patients with BC and 98 healthy control individuals. Genotyping of the PD-1.5 (C/T) polymorphism was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Genotype and allele distributions were compared between groups, and logistic regression models were applied to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
[RESULTS] The CC, CT, and TT genotypes were observed in 33.96%, 43.40%, and 22.64% of patients and in 48.98%, 40.82%, and 10.20% of controls, respectively. The recessive model (TT vs. CC + CT) differed significantly between cases and controls ( = 0.023), and the C allele was less frequent in patients ( = 0.039). In univariate logistic regression, carriage of the T allele showed a borderline association with increased BC risk (OR = 1.867, 95% CI = 0.934-3.732; = 0.077), whereas carriage of the C allele was significantly associated with reduced risk (OR = 0.388, 95% CI = 0.155-0.972; = 0.043). In multivariate models adjusted for age, sex, and smoking status, the C allele remained an independent protective factor (adjusted OR = 0.319, 95% CI = 0.112-0.906; = 0.045), while older age, male sex, and smoking were independently associated with an elevated risk of BC.
[CONCLUSIONS] The PD-1.5 (rs2227981) polymorphism appears to influence bladder cancer susceptibility in the Turkish population, with the TT genotype conferring increased risk and the C allele providing protection. These findings highlight the potential role of PD-1.5 as a genetic marker for BC risk, although validation in larger and more diverse cohorts is required.
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