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Cystic echinococcosis in patients with leukemia: Clinical challenges and review of reported cases.

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IJID regions 2026 Vol.18() p. 100840
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Santamaria-Leandro K, Guerrero-Arismendiz B, Castro-Prado C, Pérez-Lazo G, Silva-Caso W

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[OBJECTIVES] Cystic echinococcosis (CE) rarely coexists with hematologic malignancies.

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APA Santamaria-Leandro K, Guerrero-Arismendiz B, et al. (2026). Cystic echinococcosis in patients with leukemia: Clinical challenges and review of reported cases.. IJID regions, 18, 100840. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijregi.2026.100840
MLA Santamaria-Leandro K, et al.. "Cystic echinococcosis in patients with leukemia: Clinical challenges and review of reported cases.." IJID regions, vol. 18, 2026, pp. 100840.
PMID 41631198 ↗

Abstract

[OBJECTIVES] Cystic echinococcosis (CE) rarely coexists with hematologic malignancies. We report two Peruvian men with leukemia and CE.

[CASE REPORT] One patient had chronic lymphocytic leukemia and a hepatic CE2 cyst managed with albendazole and surgery before chemoimmunotherapy, and another patient had B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and prior hepatic and pulmonary CE treated with concurrent albendazole and induction chemotherapy. Both patients lived in endemic highland areas and had childhood exposure to dogs.

[DISCUSSION] A literature review identified only a few cases, mostly acute myeloid leukemia, and none from Latin America.

[CONCLUSION] These cases highlight therapeutic dilemmas in balancing infection control and malignancy treatment, underscoring the need for tailored management strategies in endemic regions.

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