Nonsurgical pancreatic cancer: the role of radiotherapy in prolonging survival - a retrospective cohort study in the SEER database.

[BACKGROUND] Limited research has compared external beam radiotherapy (RT) to non-RT in patients with nonsurgical locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Therefore, this study investigates the impact of RT on overall survival (OS) in patients with nonsurgical LAPC in a real-world context.

[METHODS] The authors conducted an analysis of patients with nonsurgical LAPC using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. This analysis involved the utilization of Kaplan-Meier survival curves and multivariable Cox regression analyses.

[RESULTS] A total of 5413 individuals with nonsurgical LAPC were included in this analysis. Among them, 2320 (42.9%) received RT, while 3093 (57.1%) underwent non-RT treatment. The median OS was 12.0 months for the RT group and 9.0 months for the non-RT group, with a statistically significant difference ( P <0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that RT had a statistically significant impact on OS (HR, 0.86; 95% CI: 0.81-0.91; P <0.001). Propensity score matching analysis confirmed a statistically significant association of RT with improved OS (HR, 0.84, 95% CI: 0.79-0.90; P <0.001). These results remained consistent after conducting sensitivity analyses, subgroup analyses, and propensity score matching.

[CONCLUSION] The study findings suggest that RT could be advantageous for patients with nonsurgical LAPC. Further investigations are warranted to explore the relationship between RT and OS.