[A specific situation: the genetic pancreatitis].

Genetic pancreatitis is a rare cause of chronic pancreatitis (1% of the cases). A genetic origin was suspected as early as 1952 and confirmed in 1996 with the identification of the PRSS1 gene, which predisposes individuals to the disease. Since then, new genes have been identified as potential contributors to chronic pancreatitis, usually interacting with environmental factors (alcohol, tobacco consumption). Diagnosis relies on genetic analysis, particularly in cases of unexplained pancreatitis in young patients or those with a family history of pancreatitis. The management of genetic pancreatitis relays on monitoring for early complications and providing psychological support. Carriers of PRSS1 mutations have an increased risk of pancreatic cancer, warranting screening from the age of 40.