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[Virtual histopathology of the pancreas: 3D insights using synchrotron-based imaging].

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Pathologie (Heidelberg, Germany) 2026 Vol.47(2) p. 136-143
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Gaida MM, Hessel L, Schimmel CV, Schulze K, Wagner V, Mayer P, Albers J, Duke E, Loos M, Salg GA

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[BACKGROUND] Conventional histopathology faces methodological limitations when assessing complex three-dimensional tissue architectures.

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APA Gaida MM, Hessel L, et al. (2026). [Virtual histopathology of the pancreas: 3D insights using synchrotron-based imaging].. Pathologie (Heidelberg, Germany), 47(2), 136-143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-025-01533-8
MLA Gaida MM, et al.. "[Virtual histopathology of the pancreas: 3D insights using synchrotron-based imaging].." Pathologie (Heidelberg, Germany), vol. 47, no. 2, 2026, pp. 136-143.
PMID 41504925

Abstract

[BACKGROUND] Conventional histopathology faces methodological limitations when assessing complex three-dimensional tissue architectures. In particular, for heterogeneous tissues such as the pancreas or in complex tissue pathologies, restriction to two-dimensional sections hampers comprehensive recognition of morphological features.

[OBJECTIVE] This study aims to demonstrate the potential of synchrotron-based phase-contrast imaging (SRµCT) as a tool for high-resolution visualization of pancreatic tissue. Three representative case examples were analyzed to capture morphological parameters volumetrically and correlate them with immunohistochemical marker profiles.

[MATERIALS AND METHODS] Tissue cores from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human pancreatic samples were volumetrically assessed using SRµCT. The investigated material was further processed as microarrays. Serial sections and immunohistochemical stains were correlated with the 3D datasets.

[RESULTS] SRµCT enabled detailed spatial visualization of functional compartments and neoplastic infiltration patterns. Non-neoplastic tissue revealed distinct morphological compartments. A well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor exhibited trabecular architecture, whereas ductal adenocarcinoma displayed infiltrative growth with diffuse, heterogeneous architecture, irregular duct formations and stromal desmoplasia. Virtual slicing permitted orientation-independent analyses. Correlation with immunohistochemical profiles validated the morphofunctional findings.

[CONCLUSION] SRµCT is a sensitive, non-invasive technique providing label-free 3D insights into pancreatic architecture. It opens new perspectives for research, teaching, and potentially advanced diagnostic applications.