The Effectiveness of Lipids Derived From Pseudomonas Putida Bacteria in the Formulation of Nanoliposomes Enhances the Delivery of Vincristine for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) presents a significant challenge globally due to drug resistance and the severe side effects linked to conventional treatments. In this study, we developed vincristine-loaded nanoliposome-based lipids derived from Pseudomonas putida bacteria (VCR-NLPs) utilizing a thin-layer method. The produced bacteria-lipid-based nanoliposomes represented a critical advancement in drug delivery, offering superior drug encapsulation, controlled release, and enhanced biocompatibility. VCR-NLPs were thoroughly characterized, displaying a spherical morphology with an average particle size of approximately 145 nm, a final zeta potential of -13.1 mV, and a biphasic release profile of VCR. The formulation exhibited efficient drug loading, with 50% release at pH 7.4 and 70% at pH 6, reflecting pH-responsive release behavior tailored to the acidic tumor microenvironment, thereby enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Our flow-cytometric analysis confirmed an efficient induction of late-stage apoptosis in PC3 cells after treatment with VCR-NLPs. These findings suggest that Pseudomonas putida-Lipid-based VCR-NLPs offer a promising nanocarrier system for targeted prostate cancer therapy, due to inducing controlled release of VCR and improving biocompatibility of it, for clinical treatments.