Detection of Helicobacter Pylori in Gastroduodenal Biopsy Samples of Dyspeptic Patients by Rapid Urease Test and Polymerase Chain Reaction in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh.

Chronic infection of H. pylori can cause various gastrointestinal diseases including chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer diseases, MALT lymphoma and gastric carcinoma. The study was aimed to detect H. pylori infection among dyspeptic patients in Mymensingh. Analysis was performed by Rapid urease test (RUT) and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and confirmed by Sanger sequencing of DNA fragments. This study cross sectional, descriptive type of observational study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Bangladesh from March 2022 to February 2023. Endoscopic gastroduodenal biopsy samples were collected from dyspeptic patients attending at Gastroenterology department of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. RUT test and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used for detection of H. pylori. Out of 221 samples, 80(36.19%) were considered as H. pylori positive cases whereas, 71(32.12%) cases were PCR positive and 72(32.57%) cases were RUT positive. Out of 80(36.19%) H. pylori positive cases, gastritis (65%) was the most common endoscopic finding followed by duodenal ulcer (15%), gastric ulcer (8.8%), reflux oesophagitis (8.8%), suspected gastric cancer (1.3%), normal mucosa (1.3%) respectively by any of two tests (RUT and PCR). DNA sequences of different PCR amplified product and phylogenetics analysis showed strains diversity compared to other reference sequences of H. pylori from different regions of the world. More than one third of the dyspeptic patients in Mymensingh were having H. pylori infection. This study will be helpful for understanding the current trend of H. pylori in Bangladesh.