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Nidogen 1-enriched extracellular vesicles promote liver metastasis by inducing EMT and activating stellate cells.

iScience 2025 Vol.28(12) p. 113975

Chen H, Liu H, Wang L, Liu J, Chen T, Zuo Y, Hu H, Wang X, Wang G

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The liver is frequently affected by metastasis in colorectal cancer patients; however, the precise interaction between the liver microenvironment and metastatic colorectal cancer cells remains elusive

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APA Chen H, Liu H, et al. (2025). Nidogen 1-enriched extracellular vesicles promote liver metastasis by inducing EMT and activating stellate cells.. iScience, 28(12), 113975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.113975
MLA Chen H, et al.. "Nidogen 1-enriched extracellular vesicles promote liver metastasis by inducing EMT and activating stellate cells.." iScience, vol. 28, no. 12, 2025, pp. 113975.
PMID 41377661
DOI 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113975

Abstract

The liver is frequently affected by metastasis in colorectal cancer patients; however, the precise interaction between the liver microenvironment and metastatic colorectal cancer cells remains elusive. Our study revealed that NID1, present in extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from metastatic colorectal cancer, plays a pivotal role in promoting colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM). EV-NID1 facilitates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in colorectal cancer cells by modulating EMT-associated genes. Moreover, EV-NID1 activates hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which in turn stimulate neutrophil infiltration and induce the formation of neutrophil-trapping networks (NETs) within the hepatic metastatic microenvironment via interleukin-11 (IL-11) secretion. This process ultimately reshapes the tumor microenvironment (TME) and fosters the establishment of a metastatic niche conducive to CRLM. Notably, targeted inhibition of IL-11 signaling via anti-IL-11 monoclonal antibodies effectively suppressed EV-NID1-induced liver metastasis in a murine model. In summary, our findings elucidate the mechanism underlying EV-NID1-mediated regulation of CRLM, identifying a promising therapeutic target for intervention in this disease.

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