Differential NRF2 Methylation and PD-1 Expression in Normal Tissues of Colorectal Adenoma and Carcinoma across Sexes.
1/5 보강
PICO 자동 추출 (휴리스틱, conf 2/4)
유사 논문P · Population 대상 환자/모집단
280 participants were enrolled including 66 healthy controls (HC), 109 patients with colorectal adenoma (AD), and 105 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).
I · Intervention 중재 / 시술
추출되지 않음
C · Comparison 대조 / 비교
추출되지 않음
O · Outcome 결과 / 결론
In conclusion there were significant differences in methylation and expression in the normal mucosal tissue among CRC, AD, and HC groups, suggesting that metachronous lesions might arise from this underlying tumor microenvironment.
[PURPOSE] Metachronous cancer following the cure of the primary cancer could be related with the tumor microenvironment.
APA
Song CH, Choi Y, et al. (2026). Differential NRF2 Methylation and PD-1 Expression in Normal Tissues of Colorectal Adenoma and Carcinoma across Sexes.. The world journal of men's health, 44(2), 322-333. https://doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.250061
MLA
Song CH, et al.. "Differential NRF2 Methylation and PD-1 Expression in Normal Tissues of Colorectal Adenoma and Carcinoma across Sexes.." The world journal of men's health, vol. 44, no. 2, 2026, pp. 322-333.
PMID
40676885
Abstract
[PURPOSE] Metachronous cancer following the cure of the primary cancer could be related with the tumor microenvironment. Recently it has been known that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (), a key transcription factor regulates immune checkpoint expression, including programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), a well-known checkpoint molecule. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of and in the tumor microenvironment using the normal colon tissue, with a focus on sex-specific differences.
[MATERIALS AND METHODS] A total of 280 participants were enrolled including 66 healthy controls (HC), 109 patients with colorectal adenoma (AD), and 105 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for and and methylation-specific PCR for were performed with normal mucosal tissue above the 20 cm from anal verge.
[RESULTS] methylation levels were significantly lower in the AD and CRC groups compared to the HC in both sexes. mRNA expression was significantly reduced in the AD and CRC groups compared to the HC group. In terms of sex males showed significantly lower mRNA levels in the AD and CRC groups, whereas females displayed significantly higher expression in the AD group but significantly lower levels in the CRC group. In conclusion there were significant differences in methylation and expression in the normal mucosal tissue among CRC, AD, and HC groups, suggesting that metachronous lesions might arise from this underlying tumor microenvironment.
[CONCLUSIONS] Our results suggest that mRNA expressions of and in the normal colon tissue may serve as early molecular markers in colorectal carcinogenesis with distinct sex-specific patterns.
[MATERIALS AND METHODS] A total of 280 participants were enrolled including 66 healthy controls (HC), 109 patients with colorectal adenoma (AD), and 105 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for and and methylation-specific PCR for were performed with normal mucosal tissue above the 20 cm from anal verge.
[RESULTS] methylation levels were significantly lower in the AD and CRC groups compared to the HC in both sexes. mRNA expression was significantly reduced in the AD and CRC groups compared to the HC group. In terms of sex males showed significantly lower mRNA levels in the AD and CRC groups, whereas females displayed significantly higher expression in the AD group but significantly lower levels in the CRC group. In conclusion there were significant differences in methylation and expression in the normal mucosal tissue among CRC, AD, and HC groups, suggesting that metachronous lesions might arise from this underlying tumor microenvironment.
[CONCLUSIONS] Our results suggest that mRNA expressions of and in the normal colon tissue may serve as early molecular markers in colorectal carcinogenesis with distinct sex-specific patterns.