Experiences of the fatigue-pain-sleep disturbance symptom cluster among patients with lung cancer: A descriptive qualitative study.

[OBJECTIVE] This study aimed to explore how patients with lung cancer perceive and cope with the fatigue-pain-sleep disturbance symptom cluster.

[METHODS] A descriptive qualitative study was conducted using individual semi-structured interviews with 20 patients with lung cancer recruited from the medical and radiation oncology departments of a tertiary hospital in China in January 2025. Data were analyzed following Braun and Clarke's six-phase thematic analysis approach.

[RESULTS] Three overarching themes and ten subthemes were identified. (1) Symptom Awareness and Bodily Perception: individual differences in bodily sensitivity, temporal recognition of symptom progression within the cluster, and distress that cannot be easily articulated. (2) How the Symptom Cluster Disrupts Life: erosion of physical function, heightened emotional volatility, guilt associated with being a burden, and involuntary social withdrawal. (3) Learning to Live with the Cluster: reflective attribution, active adaptation, and passive acceptance.

[CONCLUSIONS] The fatigue-pain-sleep disturbance symptom cluster presents in varying patterns and exerts profound multidimensional impacts on patients with lung cancer. Patients recognize the cluster by perceiving the sequential and interconnected onset of symptoms. Coping strategies span cognitive reframing, proactive self-management, and passive endurance. Future research should integrate subjective experiences with objective assessments to refine core symptom cluster identification, tailor individualized intervention targets, and develop effective management strategies. Empowerment-based approaches may support patients who engage actively in coping, while knowledge-based guidance and emotional support are essential for those who adopt more passive strategies.