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Revision Rhytidectomy: Pearls and Pitfalls.
While rhytidectomy can yield remarkable results, some patients may subsequently require revision rhytidectomy due to either unsatisfactory outcomes from primary surgery or the natural aging process many years later. Like most other secondar…
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Facial synkinesis: A distressing sequela of facial palsy.
[INTRODUCTION] Synkinesis refers to abnormal involuntary facial movements that accompany volitional facial movements. Despite a 55% incidence of synkinesis reported in patients with enduring facial paralysis, there is still a lack of comple…
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Botulinum Toxin A in the Management of Pediatric Sialorrhea: A Systematic Review.
[OBJECTIVE] Botulinum toxin A is known to be effective and safe in managing sialorrhea in pediatric patients; however, there is no consensus on a protocol for optimal injection sites and appropriate dosing for injection. [METHODS] This rev…
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A Century in Review: Medicolegal Implications of Facial Nerve Paralysis.
It is important to recognize factors that may mitigate the risk of a potential lawsuit and increase knowledge and awareness of physicians. To evaluate and characterize facial nerve paralysis litigation claims and related potential causes. …