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Neural Distribution-Guided Botulinum Toxin Injection for Platysma muscle: A Split-Neck Comparison With Conventional Technique.
[BACKGROUND] The platysma muscle plays a pivotal role in the formation of vertical neck bands and contributes to lower facial descent, making it a prime target for botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) in aesthetic neck rejuvenation. Conventional…
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Age-Related Changes in the Orbicularis Oris Muscle and Their Implications on Aesthetic Lip Rejuvenation.
[BACKGROUND] Aging leads to noticeable changes in lip volume, definition, and projection largely due to alterations in the orbicularis oris muscle. Although superficial signs of aging are well-documented, deeper muscular changes remain unde…
- Taurus Philtrum: A Newly Identified Phenomenon in Overfilled Syndrome.
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Esthetic Correction of Lying Ears With Hyaluronic Acid Filler.
[BACKGROUND] The shape and size of ears significantly influence facial aesthetics. In many Asian cultures, lying ears are not perceived favorably in Asian culture, leading individuals to seek surgical interventions to correct this issue. Al…
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Optimizing Botulinum Toxin Injections in the Platysma Muscle Based on Motor Nerve Distribution.
[BACKGROUND] Platysmal bands contribute to neck ageing and lower-face descent. Although botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) is approved for this indication, conventional whole-muscle dosing requires many superficial injections with attendant risks. …
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Anatomical-Based Diagnosis and Filler Injection Techniques: Nasolabial Folds.
Nasolabial folds significantly impact facial appearance and are a common aesthetic concern. This article reviews anatomic considerations and filler injection techniques for treating these folds, with a focus on the Korean population. The de…
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Anatomy-Based Filler Injection Techniques for the Forehead.
Forehead filler injections have become a popular nonsurgical approach to enhance facial aesthetics by correcting volume deficiencies and improving contours. This anatomy-based approach emphasizes the importance of understanding the complex …
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Efficacy and Safety of High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) on Reduction of Unwanted Submental Fat in Asian Patients.
[BACKGROUND] There are several treatment options to improve a double chin, such as contour injections, thread lifting, and double chin liposuction. However, the results of these treatments can be minimal or have a short-lasting effect. Addi…