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Impact of botulinum toxin A injection on esophageal anastomosis in a rabbit model.
[PURPOSE] The management of esophageal atresia is established, but the rate of postoperative complications remains high. We focused on a new, recently reported method of esophageal elongation using botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) and evaluat…
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The contour lines of the upper lip and a revised method of cleft lip repair.
Many techniques for cleft lip repair have been reported, but these techniques do not consider the contour lines of the upper lip and, in fact, destroy them. The upper lip has complicated contour lines including the vermilion free margin, ve…