Smania N ⚠ 동명이인 가능성

Spasticity after stroke impairs motor control, delays recovery, and reduces quality of life. Botulinum toxin type A is the first-line treatment, but it is often administered in the chronic phase, potentially limiting its impact on rehabilit…

This study aimed to explore the potential role of artificial intelligence in optimizing botulinum toxin type A treatment for spasticity and to evaluate its alignment with expert clinical decisions. A comparative analysis was conducted using…

The goal-setting process is pivotal in managing patients with disabling spasticity. This case-control study assessed the role of diagnostic nerve blocks in guiding the goal-setting process within goal-targeted treatment of spasticity with b…

[OBJECTIVE] The aim of this study was to provide a classification of the upper limb patterns in patients with upper limb spasticity due to multiple sclerosis. [DESIGN] Pilot observational study. [PATIENTS] Twenty-five adult patients with …

Botulinum toxin type A is a first-line treatment for post-stroke spasticity, with selective action at nerve endings and minimal effects beyond the injection site. However, concerns about potential adverse reactions due to toxin diffusion an…

Botulinum toxin type A1 is a first-line treatment for adult and pediatric spasticity. However, when considering the quantity of 150 kDa neurotoxin protein in relation to patient weight and the maximum recommended dose for treating adult and…

Spasticity is a well-known motor dysfunction occurring after a stroke. A group of Italian physicians' experts in treating post-stroke spasticity (PSS) reviewed the current scientific evidence concerning the state-of-the-art clinical managem…

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) represents a first-line treatment for spasticity, a common disabling consequence of many neurological diseases. Electrical stimulation of motor nerve endings has been reported to boost the effect of BoNT-A. T…

Early management of spasticity may improve stroke outcome. Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is recommended treatment for post-stroke spasticity (PSS). However, it is usually administered in the chronic phase of stroke. Our aim was to determi…

[BACKGROUND] Backward walking is recommended to improve the components of physiological gait in neurological disease. Botulinum toxin type A is an effective safe first line-treatment for post-stroke spasticity. [OBJECTIVE] To compare the e…

[OBJECTIVE] To evaluate the role of diagnostic nerve block in predicting the outcome of subsequent botulinum toxin type A treatment for spastic equinovarus foot due to chronic stroke. [DESIGN] Retrospective observational study. [PATIENTS]…

Equinovarus/equinus foot is a pattern most commonly treated with botulinum toxin type A in patients with post-stroke spasticity involving the lower limbs; the gastrocnemius is the muscle most frequently injected. Spastic equinovarus/equinus…

The combined use of Robot-assisted UL training and Botulinum toxin (BoNT) appear to be a promising therapeutic synergism to improve UL function in chronic stroke patients. To evaluate the effects of Robot-assisted UL training on UL spastic…

[BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE] A wide range of adjunct therapies after botulinum toxin administration have been proposed. The aim of the present paper is to provide an overview of major writings dealing with adjuvant (non-pharmacological) treat…

[BACKGROUND] Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injection is an effective treatment for lower-limb spasticity and should be offered as first-line treatment for focal manifestations. Although its possible role has been hypothesized, the efficac…

The present paper provides practical guidance on the management of adult spasticity with OnabotulinumtoxinA. Advisory Board members reviewed the available evidence and discussed their personal experiences in order to address the unmet needs…

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is considered the gold standard for the treatment of focal post-stroke spasticity (PSS). However, a recently published study estimated that a significant percentage of patients affected by PSS could benefit f…

[OBJECTIVE] The aim of this study was to compare the combined sonographic and clinical effects of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) versus BoNT-A alone in children with cerebral palsy. [METHODS] T…

The present national survey seeking to identify unmet needs in the management of spasticity with botulinum toxin type A focused on the use of OnabotulinumoxinA, since this is the brand with the widest range of licensed indications in Italy.…

[OBJECTIVE] To examine the relationship between patient-rated physician empathy and outcome of botulinum toxin treatment for post-stroke upper limb spasticity. [DESIGN] Cohort study. [SUBJECTS] Twenty chronic stroke patients with upper li…

Current guidelines suggested a dosage up to 600units (U) of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) (onabotulinumtoxinA or incobotulinumtoxinA) in reducing spastic hypertonia with low prevalence of complications, although a growing body of evidence…

The tibialis posterior muscle is a frequent target for injection of botulinum toxin during the management of spastic equinovarus foot in adults with post-stroke spasticity. Although it is deep-seated, the needle insertion into the tibialis …

[BACKGROUND] Despite the growing evidence about the use of robotic gait training in neurorehabilitation, there is a scant literature about the combined effects of this innovative technological approach and a first‑line treatment for focal s…