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Application of botulinum toxin in maxillofacial field: part I. Bruxism and square jaw.
The application of botulinum in oral and maxillofacial surgery begins in 1982, where Jan Carruthers started using it for reducing the muscle mass and smoothing the skin, and since then it has been used for cosmetic purposes. In Korea, it is…
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Application of botulinum toxin in maxillofacial field: Part II. Wrinkle, intraoral ulcer, and cranio-maxillofacial pain.
Botulinum toxin (BTX) is used in various ways such as temporarily resolving muscular problems in musculoskeletal temporomandibular disorders, inducing a decrease in bruxism through a change in muscular patterns in a patient's bruxism, and s…
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Application of botulinum toxin in maxillofacial field: Part III. Ancillary treatment for maxillofacial surgery and summary.
Botulinum toxin (BTX) has various therapeutic indications: bruxism, square jaw, facial wrinkle, oral ulcer and maxillofacial pain, etc. In this paper, we will discuss the effectiveness of using BTX in dental implant surgery and orthognathic…
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Reduction mammoplasty with the short submammary scar (S-S-S) technique.
Since its introduction, reduction mammoplasty has undergone a process of evolution and improvement that affects its three surgical goals: (1) safe transposition of the nipple-areola complex, (2) sufficient reduction of volume, and (3) aesth…
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Crane principle of the cross-leg fasciocutaneous flap: aesthetically pleasing technique for damaged dorsum of foot.
Crushing injuries, including electrical burns on the dorsum of the foot, result in extensive tissue loss and exposure of bone and tendon. Debridement and covering of the wound with richly vascularized tissue are necessary at an early date. …