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Effects of Repeated Eyelid Injections with Botulinum Toxin A on Innervation of Treated Muscles in Patients with Blepharospasm.
[PURPOSE] To assess changes in innervation and muscle morphology after repeated botulinum toxin A injections in subjects with benign essential blepharospasm. [METHODS] Surgical waste specimens were processed for histologic examination of n…
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Late Presentation of Enlarging Lower Eyelid Mass and Muscle Degeneration Secondary to Hyaluronic Acid Filler.
A 66-year-old female presented for evaluation of progressively worsening edema and palpable masses in both lower eyelids. While she denied prior filler to the lower eyelid or tear trough, histopathology revealed degenerating striated muscle…
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Medical Cannabis, a Beneficial High in Treatment of Blepharospasm? An Early Observation.
The objective of this study was to observe the effect of medical cannabis in benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) as an adjunct to botulinum toxin. A retrospective chart review was performed on patients certified for medical cannabis use fo…
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Quantitative efficacy of external and internal browpexy performed in conjunction with blepharoplasty.
Browpexy surgery is a minimally invasive surgical adjunct to upper blepharoplasty. The traditional internal (IB) approach is well documented, while the newer external (EB) variant has only recently been described. To date, there is little q…