Lee CH

The choice between cannulas and needles for dermal filler injection has direct implications for safety, efficacy, and patient experience. This narrative review synthesizes evidence from randomized controlled trials, observational studies, c…

[BACKGROUND] Postoperative monitoring after free flap transfer is challenging, and clinical observation alone remains subjective and unquantifiable. Furthermore, re-explored flaps often have a poor appearance, making it challenging for surg…

This video demonstrates the case of a Cognard type V tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula that was successfully salvaged using augmented reality-assisted microsurgery following failed endovascular embolization. The patient had a spastic ga…

[INTRODUCTION] OBI-858 is a novel 760 kDa botulinum toxin type A complex produced by Clostridium botulinum, and currently under development for esthetic applications. This phase II clinical trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and …

Intermediate rhinoplasty, the correction of cleft lip nose deformities, is performed between the time of primary and secondary rhinoplasties, which is at ~6 years of age. Although intermediate rhinoplasty reduces psychological stress in sch…

Recurrent parotid sialocele is rare and challenging to treat. Treatment options are limited for cases of parotid sialocele that recur despite ductal ligation. This case study presents a patient who underwent wide excision of the right bucca…

: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and postherpetic pruritus (PHP) are common complications of shingles that affect patients' quality of life. PHN and PHP can be managed using various medications and interventional procedures; however, complica…

[BACKGROUND] Botulinum toxin type A is widely utilized for both therapeutic and aesthetic purposes, yet concerns regarding its immunogenicity have raised issues related to treatment failure and adverse reactions. [OBJECTIVE] This review ai…

[INTRODUCTION] OBI-858 is a brand-new botulinum Type A complex toxin with a specific molecular weight of 760 kDa intended for development for both aesthetic and therapeutic applications. This is a phase I, dose-escalation study to evaluate …

[BACKGROUND] Intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are lesions containing complex vessels with a lack of buffering capillary architecture which might result in hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs). Intraoperative navigatio…

[BACKGROUND]  One of the most challenging yet common areas in reconstructive surgery is the closure of defects in the lower leg. Surgeons can choose from several reconstructive options including local and free flaps. The aim of this study w…

[BACKGROUND] Postoperative free flap monitoring is a critical part of reconstructive microsurgery. Postoperative clinical assessments rely heavily on specialty-trained staff. Therefore, in regions with limited specialist availability, the f…

Silicone granulomas are rare, benign lesions that may occur after breast augmentation. Occasionally, a careful differential diagnosis is necessary because lymphadenopathy or malignancy is suspected based on an imaging study. A 56-year-old w…

[BACKGROUND]  Replantation of a single digit at the distal phalanx level is not routinely performed since it is technically challenging with questionable cost-effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to analyze international microsurgeo…

[BACKGROUND]  This study aimed to determine if International Microsurgery Club (IMC) is an effective online resource for microsurgeons worldwide, in providing an avenue for timely group discussions and advice regarding complicated cases, an…

[BACKGROUND] This study investigated the morbidity of the marginal mandibular nerve (MMN) post vascularized submental lymph node (VSLN) harvest. [METHODS] The VSLN with sacrifying or preserving the medial platysma was retrospectively class…

Pharmacologic intervention to affect the membrane lipid homeostasis of lipid rafts is a potent therapeutic strategy for cancer. Here we showed that gallic acid (GA) caused the complex formation of inactive Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin sub…

Involuntary movement of the cervical spine can cause damage to the cervical spinal cord. Cervical myelopathy may occur at an early age in involuntary movement disorders, such as tics. We report the case of a 21-year-old man with Tourette sy…

Botulinum toxin (BT) was the first toxin to be used in the history of human medicine. Among the eight known serotypes of this toxin, those currently used in medicine are types A and B. This review article mainly discusses BT type A (BTA) be…