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Early versus late injections of Botulinumtoxin type A in post-stroke spastic movement disorder: A literature review.
Post-stroke spastic movement disorder (PS-SMD) is one of the main causes of severe disability in the chronic phase after stroke. The prevalence of SMD goes up with time after stroke to more than 28% in the chronic phase., Its secondary comp…
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Post-Stroke Spastic Movement Disorder and Botulinum Toxin A Therapy: Early Detection And Early Injection.
Post-stroke spastic movement disorder (PS-SMD) develops in up to 40% of stroke survivors after a first ever stroke within the first year. Chronic PS-SMD is often associated with severe disabilities and complications, emphasizing the importa…
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What clinicians and patients want: The past, the presence, and the future of the botulinum toxins.
Botulinum toxin (BoNT) is well established in clinical practice for more than 30 years. During this time the area of applications was broaden beyond the ophtalmologic and neurologic indications. Despite of decades of BoNT application with a…