Jabbari B ⚠ 동명이인 가능성

Notalgia paresthetica is a condition characterized by pruritus and pain in the upper back, often associated with skin discoloration in the same area. Through Medline, Google Scholar, and Scopus search engines, we identified reports of eight…

Stiff person syndrome (SPS) is an autoimmune disorder with muscle stiffness and spasms, for which current therapies provide incomplete relief. Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) has been explored as an adjunctive symptomatic treatment. The aim of …

The literature in botulinum toxin treatment for painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN), post traumatic neuralgia (PTN), postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and occipital neuralgia (ON) was reviewed up to Oct 1st, 2024. Using the efficacy criteria set f…

Many patients with spasticity report pain which can be debilitating. Numerous studies have shown onabotulinumtoxinA (onabotA) is efficacious in the management of spasticity but comprehensive data on its impact on spasticity-associated pain …

Using Medline and Scopus as search engines, we identified reports of 10 clinical studies (published up to 1 September 2025) on botulinum neurotoxin therapy for hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP). Nine studies were conducted in adults and o…

Using Medline and Scopus search engines (up to January 1st, 2025), we identified 12 clinical reports on botulinum neurotoxinA therapy for lingual dystonia, 17 reports for oromandibular dystonia and 6 clinical trials on bruxism. In a majorit…

In this review, different aspects of the use of clinical neurophysiology techniques for the treatment of movement disorders are addressed. First of all, these techniques can be used to guide neuromodulation techniques or to perform therapeu…

A systematic review of the literature found fifteen articles on the effect of a botulinum toxin on neoplastic cell lines and eight articles on in vivo neoplasms. The reported in vitro effects rely on high doses or the mechanical disruption …

A literature search on the subject of botulinum toxin treatment in psoriasis found 15 relevant articles, 11 on human subjects and 4 on animal studies. Of the human data, eight were clinical trials and three were single case reports. Seven o…

Botulinum neurotoxins are a group of biological toxins produced by the gram-negative bacteria Clostridium botulinum. After intramuscular injection, they produce dose-related muscle relaxation, which has proven useful in the treatment of a l…

This review provides an up-to-date literature account on the efficacy of Botulinum toxin treatment for common motor disorders of Parkinson Disease. The reviewed disorders include the common motor disorders in PD such as tremor, focal foot d…

This systematic review investigates the effect of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) therapy on cancer-related disorders. A major bulk of the literature is focused on BoNT's effect on pain at the site of surgery or radiation. All 13 published stud…

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) possess an analgesic effect through several mechanisms including an inhibition of acetylcholine release from the neuromuscular junction as well as an inhibition of specific pain transmitters and mediators. Anima…

[BACKGROUND] Hand tremor associated with Parkinson disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) can often become challenging to treat in clinical practice. Local injections of botulinum toxin-A (BoNT-A) for hand tremor is an evolving field with n…

Botulinum toxins (BoNTs) are a product of the bacteria . By entering nerve endings, they cleave and inactivate SNARE proteins, which are essential for neurotransmitter release. Prevention of acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular juncti…

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are now among the most widely used therapeutic agents in clinical medicine with indications applied to the fields of movement disorders, pain disorders, and autonomic dysfunction. In this literature review, the…

This review evaluates the existing level of evidence for efficacy of BoNTs in different pain syndromes using the recommended efficacy criteria from the Assessment and Therapeutic Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. There is a…

[BACKGROUND] Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a common movement disorder with an estimated prevalence of up to 12%. Previous small studies with onabotulinumtoxin A (OnaA) for RLS have shown inconsistent results. [METHODS] Twenty-four patien…

[INTRODUCTION] To evaluate the safety and efficacy of incobotulinumtoxinA (IncoA) injection for treatment of essential hand tremor. In essential tremor and Parkinson's disease tremor, administration of onabotulinumtoxinA via a fixed injecti…

[OBJECTIVE] The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy, safety and dosing practices of rimabotulinumtoxinB (BoNT-B) for the treatment of patients with sialorrhea based on a systematic review of clinical trials. [METHODS] A systemati…

Purpose of review The purpose of this review is to provide updated information on the role of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) therapy in multiple sclerosis (MS). This review aims to answer which symptoms of multiple sclerosis may be amenable to…

[BACKGROUND] In essential tremor and Parkinson disease (PD) tremor, administration of onabotulinumtoxinA via a fixed injection approach improves the tremor, but many patients (30%-70%) develop moderate to severe hand weakness, limiting the …

Spasticity is a frequent symptom in stroke, multiple sclerosis, cerebral or spinal trauma, and cerebral palsy that affects and disables a large number of adults and children. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiology and nonpharmacolog…

Neuropathic pain (NP), a common form of human pain, often poorly responds to analgesic medications. In this review the authors discuss the pathophysiology and conventional treatment of neuropathic pain and provide evidenced-based statements…

[BACKGROUND] The frontiers of clinical medicine constantly expand as a result of the innovative efforts of visionary researchers and keen observations of seasoned clinicians. In medicine, rarely has a therapeutic agent been found efficaciou…