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Anatomical courses of the deep and superficial septal branches of the superior labial artery in the columella and nasal tip for use in clinical rhinoplasty and reconstructive surgeries.
[PURPOSE] Understanding the detailed course of the septal branch of the superior labial artery is crucial for improving the safety and efficacy of both invasive and noninvasive nasal procedures. This study aimed to clarify the anatomical co…
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Anatomical Trajectory of the Corrugator Supercilii Muscle in Koreans: Implications for Aesthetic and Clinical Practices.
[BACKGROUND] Understanding the attachment patterns of the corrugator supercilii (CS) muscle is vital for treatments designed to improve facial symmetry and functionality. [OBJECTIVES] The aim of this research was to elucidate the anatomica…
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Anatomical Study of the Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System in Relation to the Zygomaticus Major.
[BACKGROUND] The superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) is crucial for the structural integrity and dynamics of facial expressions and is a particularly important consideration during facelift surgeries. This study investigated the an…
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Crossing fibers may underlie the dynamic pulling forces of muscles that attach to cartilage at the tip of the nose.
The present study used microdissection, histology, and microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) with the aims of determining the prevalence and patterns of the depressor septi nasi (DSN) and orbicularis oris (OOr) muscles attached to the footpla…
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Anatomical connections among the depressor supercilii, levator labii superioris alaeque nasi, and inferior fibers of orbicularis oculi: Implications for variation in human facial expressions.
The aim of this study was to determine how the depressor supercilii (DS) connects to the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (LLSAN) and inferior fibers of the orbicularis oculi (OOc INF) in the human midface. While grimacing, contraction…
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Assessment of Skin Physiology Change and Safety After Intradermal Injections With Botulinum Toxin: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Split-Face Pilot Study in Rosacea Patients With Facial Erythema.
[BACKGROUND] Botulinum toxin (BTX) has been used cosmetically with good clinical efficacy and tolerable safety. [OBJECTIVE] This randomized, double-blind, split-face clinical study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of intraderma…
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Ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging using hyaluronic acid fillers: Differences between monophasic and biphasic fillers.
[BACKGROUND/PURPOSE] Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an anionic, non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan distributed throughout the human skin and injectable HA fillers are the most commonly used in aesthetic field. This study aimed to determine if differen…
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New Insight Regarding the Zygomaticus Minor as Related to Cosmetic Facial Injections.
The present study aimed to determine the arrangement and terminal attachments of the zygomaticus minor (Zmi) muscle fibers connecting the orbital and mouth regions. The Zmi was examined in 32 specimens of embalmed Korean adult cadavers. The…
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Anatomical Relationship of the Inferior Bundle of the Incisivus Labii Inferioris With the Depressor Labii Inferioris and the Platysma.
The current study examined the inferior bundle of the incisivus labii inferioris muscle (ILI) and its morphologic and spatial relationships with regard to the depressor labii inferioris muscle (DLI) and the platysma. Incisivus labii inferio…
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Anatomical relationships of the procerus with the nasal ala and the nasal muscles: transverse part of the nasalis and levator labii superioris alaeque nasi.
[PURPOSE] The aim of this study was to clarify the anatomical relationship of the procerus with the nose, especially focusing on the transverse part of the nasalis, the nasal ala, and the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (LLSAN). [MAT…
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Morphological Patterns and Variations of the Nasal Septum Components and Their Clinical Implications.
The aim of this study was to clarify the morphological patterns and proportions of the components of the nasal septum. Anatomical examinations were performed on 70 nasal septums of embalmed Korean adult cadavers. The septal deviation was ch…
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Surgical consideration of the anatomic origin of the risorius in relation to facial planes.
[BACKGROUND] Confusion exists as to the plane of the risorius with respect to the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS), the parotid fascia, and the masseteric fascia, which generally are considered origins of the risorius. [OBJECTI…
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Branching patterns and intraosseous course of the mental nerve.
[PURPOSE] The purpose of this study was to clarify the branching patterns of the mental nerve (MN) and intraosseous courses of the MN branches, and to determine the clinical relevance of the various courses of the MN branches. [MATERIALS A…