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Expiratory Muscle Strength Training for Drooling in Adults with Parkinson's Disease.
One of the most debilitating symptoms of advanced Parkinson's disease is drooling. Currently, the main treatment that is offered for drooling is botulinum toxin injections to the saliva glands which have a number of side effects and do not …
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Finished Whole-Genome Sequences of Toxin Subtype E4 and Toxin Subtype F7 Strains.
and species have been known to produce botulinum toxin types E and F, respectively, which can cause botulism, a rare but serious neuroparalytic disease. Here, we present finished genome sequences for two of these clinically relevant strain…
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Comparative genomic analyses reveal broad diversity in botulinum-toxin-producing Clostridia.
[BACKGROUND] Clostridium botulinum is a diverse group of bacteria characterized by the production of botulinum neurotoxin. Botulinum neurotoxins are classified into serotypes (BoNT/A-G), which are produced by six species/Groups of Clostridi…