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Closed Treatment of the Internal Nasal Valve.
The internal nasal valve, the narrowest portion of the nasal airway, is prone to collapse and is often targeted for improvement in nasal reconstruction and rhinoplasty. Endonasal techniques can reduce surrounding trauma and reduce operative…
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Botulinum Toxin in Facial Reanimation: Map of the Facial Musculature and Dosage.
Recovery from flaccid facial paralysis can lead to the development of postfacial paralysis synkinesis. Chemodenervation, or treatment with botulinum toxin (BT), is a common treatment for individuals with synkinesis. Patients should be asses…
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Chemodenervation Algorithm: Functional and Aesthetic Considerations for Facial Harmony in Patients with Post-Facial Paralysis Synkinesis.
Management of post-facial paralysis synkinesis has evolved for the past decade with diversification of neuromuscular retraining, chemodenervation, and advanced surgical reanimation techniques. Chemodenervation with botulinum toxin-A is a co…
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The Tripod Concept of the Upper Nasal Third.
[IMPORTANCE] The tripod theory of the upper nasal third parallels the concept of the well-known nasal tip tripod. We are evaluating the idea that one can simply alter the upper nasal angles reliably without the complex physics associated wi…