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Addition of Erector Spinae Nerve Block Effect on Opioid Use and Pain Levels in Reduction Mammoplasty.
[BACKGROUND] Macromastia causes significant physical and emotional distress. Reduction mammoplasty often requires opioid analgesia. This study compared the efficacy of combining an erector spinae plane (ESP) block with a field block of long…
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Evaluating Patient-reported Outcomes after Bilateral Reduction Mammoplasty: A Comparison of Reduction Techniques at a University Hospital.
[BACKGROUND] Macromastia, defined as the abnormal enlargement of breasts, burdens individuals physically and psychologically, impacting their daily lives beyond aesthetics. Reduction mammoplasty offers relief by restoring proportional breas…
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Management of Lipedema Beyond Liposuction: A Case Study.
Lipedema is a pathologic accumulation of adipose tissue in the subcutaneous layer of the extremities. This connective tissue disorder, which predominately affects females, is often misdiagnosed despite an incidence of ∼11%. Misdiagnosis oft…
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Reduction Mammoplasty: Intraoperative Weight Versus Pathology Weight and Its Implications.
Despite the efficacy of reduction mammoplasty and demonstration that resection weight does not predict symptomatic relief of macromastia, many insurers still rely on the Schnur scale or predetermined resection weight for reimbursement. Insu…
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Safe Tummy Tuck: Anatomy and Strategy to Avoid Injury to the Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve During Abdominoplasty.
[BACKGROUND] Abdominoplasty is one of the most common aesthetic procedures performed in the United States. While poor contour and unsatisfactory cosmetic result have been recognized, neuropathic pain from lateral femoral cutaneous nerve inj…
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Plastic Surgery of the Breast: Keeping the Nipple Sensitive.
[INTRODUCTION] Since its inception, reduction mammaplasty has matured considerably. Primary evolution in clinical research and practice has focused on preserving tissue viability. Surgery involves preserving not only tissue viability but al…