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Botulinum toxin as a therapeutic adjunct in the management of facial fractures and osteotomies: case series and systematic review of an innovative chemical fixation approach.
In the field of maxillofacial surgery, facial bone fractures and osteotomies are common but the management of these conditions is associated with complications, including displacement after fracture or relapse after orthognathic surgery. Bo…
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Efficacy of Intra-Articular Injection of Botulinum Toxin Type A (IncobotulinumtoxinA) in Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis: A Three-Arm Controlled Trial in Rats.
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are complex pathologies responsible for chronic orofacial pain. Intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin A (BoNT/A) has shown effectiveness in knee and shoulder osteoarthritis, as well as in some TMDs suc…
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Classification of pedicle ossification after maxillofacial reconstruction with bony free flap: An observational study.
[INTRODUCTION] Maxillofacial reconstruction with bony free flap is a classical technique. However, pedicle ossification after such reconstruction is a misunderstood complication that is rarely reported in the literature. It is usually manif…